UP2YOUTH – Case study n°4
pridal Martin Botťánek- Pridané:Jún 22, 2006
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- Kategória:UP2YOUTH Slovensko
Case study n°4
Working Group: SLOVAKIA
Your Name: MACHACEK LADISLAV
Title of the study: Review of Youth Policy -Slovaks National report for EK
Authors (who are they): Jan Šípoš, Lubica Sobihardova, Ladislav Macháček at all (Slovakia)
Relevance for Working Group:
The following document is a summarizing report, which is a result of cooperation of various experts in the field of youth and youth policy in the Slovak Republic. The report is a complex document monitoring important aspects of young people's lives in the Slovak Republic. It informs about the conditions, problems and future prospects in the field of policy towards youth. Furthermore, it provides an opportunity for the citizens of other countries to understand Slovak youth policy structure and its future development possibilities.
Research Question(s):
The aim of the National Report is to give answers to questions; such as how positive is the approach of contemporary society towards children and youth, what avenues to innovation the national policy should pursue, what the role of national policy towards children and youth can be in the context of national development and how can governmental and non-governmental organisations as well as individuals get involved in the national policies concerning children and youth.
Methodology (Survey, secondary analysis, qualitative data, no. of respondents etc.)
Thus, this document is based on a broad discussion of various experts from governmental as well as nongovernmental organisations, reflecting up-to-date theoretical knowledge and practical experiences. Preparation of the National The discussions showed how different the views of the situation, problems and challenges in various areas of young people's lives were. The public discussion on individual chapters has been going on also on the Internet since December 2003 on the website www.spravaomladezi.sk. Current information about the current phase of development of the National Report can also be found on this website. Several discussions, seminars, consultations and workshops have been held with experts and representatives of non-governmental organisations during the preparation process of the National Report. Their aim was to discuss the relevancy of the content of the Report.
Status (running, date for completion):
Report was launched in 2003, when the Government of the Slovak Republic adopted the project proposal and approved the Project Board of this document on 5 June 2003. Slovak the Ministry of Education, Department of Children and Youth is the guarantor of the project and the organization Iuventa carried the responsibility for the organisational management of the project and the review process. In the initial preparation phase (November 2003 – January 2004) several focus discussions on individual chapters of the National Report were held with experts, members of associations and the public.
Results:
Participation is Youth Policy Instruments in the Slovak Republic.Civic participation is a term, thad started to be used in Slovakia more frequently in the early 1990s. The concept of civic participation was quickly adopted mainly by non-governmental organisations, because it was changing the perception of the role of the citizens from passive recipients to active initiators of change. Participation is often associated with a broad social, political and civic dimension. It is often understood in our country as the engagement in associations, membership in civic associations or participation on elections and political life, while others envisage its realisation through the organisation of petitions or participation of young people on decision-making processes or public discussions. There also exists a broader view of civic participation, viewing it as being broader than participation in decision-making, but more generally as the process of the creation of an active citizen with an active role in the formation of the social environment at local, national and European level. The stredent political changes taking place in November 1989 brought the introduction of a democratic system with favourable conditions for the formation and development of the civic society, which found its reflection in the development of the youth movement. The conditions for youth participation radically changed. According to new legislation (Act No. 83/1990 Coll.), the creation of an association was not subject to an approval process anymore, which was replaced by the act of registration under the precondition of adherence to the conditions defined by valid legislation. Youth was freed from a paternalistic state control, which was imposed during the communist regime, but simultaneously lost the broad state support which was available in the past. This resulted in a broadening of opportunities and in a greater freedom of choice, while the accessibility of counselling, support services and other forms of assistance decreased. The postcommunist liberalisation lead to a rather incisive restructuralising of the transfer from youth to adulthood and an accumulation of risks and insecurity with regard to the access of young people to education, employment, leisure time activities and politics. This period of transformation brought difficulties for young people in the process of cultural self-expression and also in the area of securement of financial resources. Net income of the young people decreased, family household budgets became poorer and the property of youth organisations meant to provide for the leisure activities of young people which was further developed during communism (for example youth clubs, recreational establishments etc.), either ceased to exist or was nontransparently privatised. Research from this period points to a growing inclination of youth towards a consumption-oriented lifestyle. Participatory youth activities in the nineties were aimed at differing goals, ranging from the influencing of a policy in the parliamentary elections to the creation of structures for youth participation at local level, from the encouragement of creativity in science and art to environmental activities. Many youth structures suddenly erupted. They quickly formed and spontaneously dissolved after the finalisation of one or several projects. Thus the governmental institutions recommended the formation of more stable structures with a long-term strategy. This was not to be conducted through the denial of the role of non-formal groups in the phase of initial involvement of young people into specific activities.
Publications (type of publication, language):
See also: www.iuventa.sk or www.syrs.org
Access to raw data for secondary analysis (yes/no?):
Yes.
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